Narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) phototherapy for Vitiligo

Overview
Narrowband UVB (NB-UVB) is the most widely prescribed type of phototherapy for vitiligo.¹ NB-UVB may be a first-line treatment for generalized vitiligo.² One of the oldest vitiligo treatments, NB-UVB slows the overactive growth of skin cells by repeatedly exposing skin to an artificial UVB light source.

For generalized vitiligo, NB-UVB produces better pigmentation than Psoralen + UVA (PUVA) phototherapy) with fewer side effects.² For maximum effectiveness, NB-UVB is often prescribed in combination with topical Protopic (Tacrolimus) or vitamin D analogs such as Calcipotriene.³

NB-UVB is considered safe for children and pregnant or breastfeeding women. It can be performed in a clinic or at home with smaller, handheld devices.²

How do I take it?
For vitiligo, NB-UVB is conducted two to three times a week for just a few minutes, with exposure gradually increased over time.¹ Treatment can range from three to 24 months, with a three-month resting period after one year to minimize annual UVB dose.⁴

Protective goggles and groin protection (underwear or towel) must be worn during treatment. Face protection is also recommended to prevent skin aging.¹

Side effects
NB-UVB for vitiligo is safe when administered correctly. Mild sunburn is a common side effect, generally experienced after eight hours of treatment. Everyone who undergoes NB-UVB will develop some degree of tan.¹

Severe burns, hyperpigmentation, and skin malignancies are rare.³ Although the long-term risk of NB-UVB is unknown, research shows that it is less risky than PUVA.⁵

External resources

1. Phototherapy: UVB. (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2019, from https://www.aocd.org/page/PhototherapyUVB
   


2. DoctorsTreatment Guidelines. (n.d.). Retrieved December 2, 2019, from https://vrfoundation.org/treatment_guidelines
   


3. Attwa, E. (2016). Review of narrowband ultraviolet B radiation in vitiligo. World Journal of Dermatologyy, 5(2), 93. doi: 10.5314/wjd.v5.i2.93


4. Matin R. (2011). Vitiligo in adults and children. BMJ clinical evidence, 2011, 1717.


5. Narrowband UVB phototherapy. (n.d.). Retrieved December 3, 2019, from https://www.dermnetnz.org/topics/narrowband-uvb-phototherapy